Introduction to Cyber Security
Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting digital systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, misuse, and cyber threats. It is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments to safeguard their digital assets and ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.
Threat Landscape
Malware
Malicious software designed to infiltrate, damage, or gain unauthorized
access to digital systems.
Phishing Attacks
Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information through deceptive
communications.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)
Attacks that overwhelm systems with excessive traffic, disrupting
normal operations.
Social Engineering
Manipulative tactics used to exploit human vulnerabilities and gain
access to sensitive data.
Cybersecurity Frameworks
NIST Cybersecurity
Framework
A comprehensive approach to
managing cybersecurity risk,
covering identify, protect, detect,
respond, and recover.
ISO/IEC 27001
An international standard for
information security
management, focusing on risk
assessment and implementation
of controls.
COBIT
A framework for governing and
managing enterprise IT,
emphasizing alignment with
business objectives.
Identity and Access Management Management
1 Authentication
Verifying the identity of users, devices, or systems before
granting access to resources.
2 Authorization
Defining and enforcing permissions to control what actions can be performed by authenticated entities.
3 Access Controls
Implementing mechanisms to manage and monitor user and system access to sensitive data and assets.
Network Security
Firewalls
Protecting networks by monitoring and controlling incoming and outgoing traffic
based on predefined rules.
Encryption
Transforming data into a secure format to protect it from unauthorized access and
ensure confidentiality.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
Establishing secure, encrypted connections between devices and networks to protect
data in transit.
Intrusion Detection and Prevention
Continuously monitoring networks for suspicious activities and taking immediate
action to mitigate threats.
Incident Response and Disaster Recovery
Preparation
Developing plans and procedures to anticipate and respond to potential security
incidents and disasters.
Detection and Analysis
Identifying and investigating security events to determine the scope, impact, and
appropriate course of action.
Containment and Eradication
Implementing measures to stop the ongoing incident, remove the threat, and prevent
further damage.
Recovery and Lessons Learned
Restoring normal operations, recovering data, and reviewing the incident to improve
future preparedness.
Regulatory Compliance
GDPR
The EU's General Data
Protection Regulation,
which governs the
collection and processing
of personal data.
HIPAA
The Health Insurance
Portability and
Accountability Act, which
sets standards for the
protection of electronic
health information.
PCI DSS
The Payment Card
Industry Data Security
Standard, which ensures
the secure handling of
credit card data.
SOX
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act,
which establishes
requirements for financial
reporting and data
protection in public
companies.
